One major difference between re-entrant and non– re-entrant ventricular tachycardia (VT) is that the electrophysiological substrate for re-entry is acquired during postnatal development and is due to ...

Given advances in antiretroviral therapy, the mortality rate for HIV infection has dropped considerably over recent decades. However, people living with HIV (PLWH) experience longer life spans coupled ...

Down syndrome or trisomy 21 (T21) is the most commonly occurring aneuploidy, affecting approximately 1 in 800 live births, and ≈35% to 50% of children with T21 are also affected by congenital heart ...

The adult mammalian heart has limited endogenous regenerative capacity and heals through the activation of inflammatory and fibrogenic cascades that ultimately result in the formation of a scar. After ...

WORLD OF EVS EVs are 30- to 1000-nm-sized membranous structures released by cells into the extracellular space (Figure 1). Their membrane, composed of a complex lipid and protein repertoire, ...

Contemporary World Health Organization data indicates that ≈39 million people are living with the human immunodeficiency virus. Of these, 24 million have been reported to have successfully accessed ...

BACKGROUND: Fermentation of dietary fiber by the gut microbiota leads to the production of metabolites called short-chain fatty acids, which lower blood pressure and exert cardioprotective effects.

Background— Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe disease with a poor prognosis. Different forms of PH are characterized by pronounced vascular remodeling, resulting in increased vascular resistance ...

BACKGROUND: Echocardiographic (2-dimensional echocardiography) thresholds indicating disease or impaired functional status compared with normal physiological aging in individuals aged ≥65 years are ...

Despite improvements in outcomes of coronary artery disease (CAD), there remains a significant global disease burden associated with myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction (MI). 1 Disturbed ...

Areas for Further Research...629 References...630 Appendix A Coronary Artery Revascularization Measure Set...636 Performance Measures for Coronary Artery Revascularization...636 Short Title: PM-1: Use ...

BACKGROUND: Clotting, leading to thrombosis, requires interactions of coagulation factors with the membrane aminophospholipids (aPLs) phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Atherosclerotic ...